Silver Kills Drug-Resistant Fungi: 2 Recent Studies

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Silver Kills Drug-Resistant Fungi: 2 Studies

by Steve Barwick, author, The Ultimate Colloidal Silver Manual

Recent news articles have confirmed the fact that prescription antifungal medications are now beginning to fail just like antibiotic drugs, as more and more pathogenic fungi become resistant to the drugs.

As one recent news article stated:

We’ve been telling you about the scourge of antibiotic resistance — when the overuse of antibiotics by doctors and factory farms causes bacteria to become resistant to drugs.

Unfortunately, we’re heading down the same road with another class of medicine: antifungals. If changes aren’t implemented now, more people will start dying from fungal infections.

“For decades, the agricultural sector has been using compounds called triazoles to protect plants from a broad spectrum of fungal diseases. Their use increased as farmers came to realize how effective they were; now triazoles account for one quarter of all fungicides worldwide.

The problem? Triazoles are the exact same compounds used in human antifungal medicines. And medical researchers recently began to notice that triazoles were not working on any longer on immune-compromized patients with fungal infections.

…What researchers have found is that fungi in the soil are exposed to triazoles through the agricultural use of the compounds in this fungicide, making the spores resistant.

Then when triazoles are used in patients with a fungal infection, the drugs don’t work. Once again, patients with compromised immune systems are dying from fungal infections.

Or as The Atlantic magazine bluntly put it: “Thanks to the compounds used to protect precious flowers and crops, antifungal resistance is here — and it could be just as dangerous to humans as antibiotic resistance.

Enter Silver: the Fast-Acting Fungicide

But as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency points out in their “State of the Science Literature Review: Everything Nanosilver and More,” nanosilver — the smallest particle size form of colloidal silver — might just be an answer:

“Nanosilver is an effective, fast-acting fungicide against a broad spectrum of common fungi including genera such as Aspergillus, Candida, and Saccharomyces.

The exact mechanisms of action of silver nanoparticles against fungi are still not clear, but Final mechanisms similar to that of the antibacterial actions have been proposed for fungi.”

Of course, this information is nothing new.

As far back as 1976 Dr. Robert O. Becker M.D. did clinical research proving that silver ions (such as found in colloidal silver) were highly antifungal, even at concentrations under 2 ppm. For confirmation, see his study, Antifungal Properties of Electrically Generated Metallic Ions.

2 Newer Studies Show Silver Beats Drug-Resistant Fungi

What’s more, subsequent clinical research has completely confirmed Dr. Becker’s earlier work from the 70’s. For example, the following 2018 study helps demonstrate that silver is the answer to drug-resistant fungi:

According to the study authors, after testing silver nanoparticles against the fungal pathogen Candida albicans, a concentration of 40 ppm silver nanoparticles in the size range of 10-30 nm inhibited the growth of the fungal organisms by a whopping 90%.

The researchers wrote:

Our results demonstrated that silver nanoparticles induced dose-dependent intracellular ROS which exerted antifungal effects; however, even scavenging ROS by antioxidant could not offer protection from silver nanoparticle mediated killing.

Treatment with silver nanoparticles altered surface morphology, cellular ultrastructure, membrane microenvironment, membrane fluidity, ergosterol content, and fatty acid composition, especially oleic acid.”

In other words, the silver particles penetrated the fungal cells and began to release reactive oxygen species (similar to the effect of hydrogen peroxide) which began to kill the fungi.

What’s more, when the researchers added an antioxidant to the mix, in order to neutralize the reactive oxygen species being released by the silver and determine if it was the only mechanism responsible for the death of the fungal cells, they noted that the fungal cells continued to die in the presence of the silver, anyway, meaning that silver’s effectiveness against fungi is multi-pronged, i.e., based on more than one mechanism of action.

Finally, the researchers state that the silver nanoparticles corrupted the surface membrane of the fungal cells, and then continued to corrupt the internal structure of the cells, leading to cellular death.

The researchers concluded that the silver nanoparticles affected multiple cellular targets crucial for drug resistance and pathogenicity in the fungal cells.”

In other words, unlike prescription antifungal drugs, the silver targeted and attacked the very parts and mechanisms of the fungal pathogens that are responsible for drug resistance!

Finally, the researchers stated that what they’d discover “might emerge as a new paradigm for developing nano silver-based therapy for clinical applications in fungal therapeutics.”

In other words, silver-based anti-fungal drugs might one day replace Big Pharma’s failing prescription anti-fungal drugs.

Let’s take a quick look at another recent study, this one from 2016:

In the Abstract to the above study, the researchers wrote:

“Opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum are becoming more resistant to antifungal agents due to their extensive usage.

A research on new antifungal agents has become imperative due to marked increase in the resistance to antifungal agents such as Fluconazole and Ampotericin B in these fungi.

With nanotechnology these issues can be effectively addressed, various nanoparticles can be used as antifungal agents and can be used as carrier vehicles to deliver the active therapeutic agents to the targeted or to the diseased sites without affecting the efficacy of active agent.

In this prospective, the present study is aimed to evaluate improved antifungal activity of fluconazole with nanosilver, stabilized with chitosan against pathogenic fungi.”

In other words, the researchers decided to see whether or not adding nanosilver to prescription anti-fungal drugs increased the activity of the drugs against pathogenic fungi. In the end, the researchers concluded that:

“Antifungal activity of respective chitosan stabilised silver/Fluconazole nanoconjugate revealed improved activity by 2 to 20 folds against both tested organism compared with free antifungal agent.

Present study addresses the possible utilization of nanoformulated fluconazole as an effective antifungal agent against pathogenic fungal organisms.”

Put another way, adding silver to a popular anti-fungal drug increased the activity of that drug by between two-fold and twenty-fold.

In short, the silver made the drug between two and twenty times stronger against the fungal pathogens tested, demonstrating that mixing silver with anti-fungal drugs increases the effectiveness of anti-fungal drugs against drug-resistant fungi.

Anecdotal Evidence

In addition to all of the clinical evidence demonstrating how powerfully effective antimicrobial silver is against pathogenic fungi, there’s also tons of anecdotal evidence for colloidal silver’s profound effectiveness against fungal pathogens.

Indeed, thousands of colloidal silver users have demonstrated colloidal silver’s effectiveness against fungal infections for themselves, and have documented their accounts.  For example:

  • Toenail Fungus — Colloidal silver has been demonstrated, anecdotally, to work against toenail fungus.  You can read an article documenting one such case, and explaining in a step-by-step fashion how it was done, here.
  • Athlete’s Foot and Other Topical Fungal Infections  Colloidal silver has also been demonstrated, anecdotally, to work against athlete’s foot fungus and other topical fungal infections, as well.  Read the real-life anecdotal accounts of successful treatments with colloidal silver here.
  • Valley Fever Fungus — Colloidal silver has even been demonstrated, anecdotally, to work against the potentially deadly fungus behind Valley Fever, known as Coccidioides, of which there are now an estimated 150,000 cases per year in the U.S.  Learn how others have used colloidal silver against Valley Fever fungal infections here.
  • Dandruff — Colloidal silver has also been demonstrated anecdotally to work against the fungus that causes dandruff.  Learn how dandruff sufferers have ended their suffering for good, in the article at this link.

So silver has long been known by researchers to have profound antifungal properties. And colloidal silver users have documented its often profound effectiveness against fungal infections, anecdotally, as well.

Stubborn Year-Long Fungal Infection
Banished With Colloidal Silver!

As one reader who battled a stubborn fungal infection of the sinuses for nearly a year recently wrote:

“I finally retired, and moved into a new house…Approximately 8 months to a year after I moved in the house, I had a bad sinus infection which required surgery… 

After surgery, I felt better for a few weeks, then about 6 weeks later, the infection was back even worse.

My ENT told me he did not think this was a sinus issue. He said it looked more like a fungus. I asked why I had fungus in my sinus and what caused it? He replied, “It’s caused by breathing mold or mildew.”

He asked if there was mold in my house. I replied that I purchased a new house and it couldn’t possibly have mold in it. But I checked the outside of my home and found evidence that did point to the possibility of mold.

Since the house was still under warranty, I requested the developer make appropriate repairs. But he refused to admit anything was wrong with the house.

A culture sent off by my doctor indeed confirmed it was fungus caused by mold. I then hired a contractor to replace all window facings that had mold or rotten spots that could be detected.

What the contractor found was my entire bedroom outside wall was horribly molded. The wafer board had just dissolved inside the wall and I had been breathing it for 2 years by the time it was repaired.

The doctor immediately put me on an aggressive treatment of 3 drugs mixed with saline solution in a nebulizer, plus the strongest antifungal pill he could prescribe to treat fungus. (30 days of the pills cost $3,000.00, my insurance only paid $2500.00. I had to pay the $500.  Per month!)

This treatment went on for about a year, but the fungus was not going away. Meanwhile, my son had been trying to get me to try silver water. I was ready to try something different, so I ordered the generator. I stopped all other treatments and started using the silver water. 

When I went back to my doctor 6 weeks later, I told him what I had done. After doing a scope, he said the lining in my sinus area was showing some signs of improvement, and to keep using the silver water. Four or five months later he released me, saying, “Continue to use silver water.”

I have now gone 7 months without having to see him. I drink 1 ounce of silver water every morning and every night. The silver water saved my life, and it has kept me from catching the flu or stomach bug from people I am around, Thank you, thank you! — J. Sweeney

Seashell Fungus the Doctors Couldn’t Cure
Banished With Colloidal Silver

Here’s an account of a woman with a strange fungal infection the doctors couldn’t cure for six years:

“A woman I work with got a seashell fungus about 6 years ago digging for seashell in the ocean while she was on vacation. The fungus eat her finger nails down to her cuticles. For the last 6 year doctors could not get rid of the condition with their meds.

So one day while I was working with her I was telling her my experiences with colloidal silver. She sounded interested, so I asked if she would try it.

With a positive answer I gave her a pint jar of 7ppm of my own brew (january 2). Her finger nails are growing now and she is very happy, the word has spread at work and interest has bloomed about colloidal silver. I am showing people your website as a viable information source of trusted information…Thanks Steve..keep the faith. — Christopher Tavenner

Colloidal Silver Cured Fungus
Attacking Her Friend’s Brain

Cindy R. recently wrote me with the following astonishing account of a fungal infection of the brain that was finally cured by colloidal silver:

“My friend has a huge fungal infection that started in her ear and was attacking her brain. It was also coming out her skin around her head.

Doctors said it was untreatable and scheduled surgery for February to remove her skull and scrape out the fungus and do bone grafts and skin grafts. This fungus was quite literally taking over her body. The doctors said there was a good chance it would kill her.

So I gave her a pint of 20 ppm colloidal silver right away, and made her some more afterwards. And I told her to take an ounce in the morning and an ounce in the night.

She also started placing it in her ear where it all started, and topically on her skin fungus and on her mouth fungus. By day two the pain that was bothering her was completely gone! She’s so happy the pain is gone. Her topical skin fungus is clearing up as well.

When she returned to her doctor in February, the doctors said the fungus wasn’t on the brain anymore, but was only on the skull, which is a good thing because if the fungus was on the brain too long it would have killed her before surgery.

So colloidal silver stopped the pain, cleared up the skin fungus, ear fungus and mouth fungus, and stopped the spread to her brain.

The doctors still wanted to do surgery to remove the remaining fungus from her skull. They said given more time the silver treatment might have caused it to retreat further from her skull.

However given the severity of the situation they did surgery to get the rest out. Thank you so much for your help! Surgery went well and she is now fungus free!” 

As you can see, anecdotal accounts of colloidal silver effectiveness against stubborn fungal infections abound.  And since the 1970’s, clinical research has also demonstrated that various forms of antimicrobial silver are highly effective against fungal pathogens.

You can read more accounts of successful colloidal silver usage against fungal, bacterial and viral infections of all kinds at the Colloidal Silver Testimonials page.

C:\Users\Barwick\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.Word\44373021_s.jpgImportant Addendum: Where to Find Colloidal Silver

If you’re brand new to colloidal silver usage and are wondering where to buy it, it’s important to know that you can find it in just about any well-stocked health food store in America.  It’s also available on Amazon and numerous other websites.

But it can be extremely expensive. In fact, because colloidal silver works so well against numerous forms of infection and disease, it has the highest price mark-up of any nutritional supplement in existence.

The amount of actual silver in a four-ounce bottle of colloidal silver is about five to 12 cents worth.  (Yes, I said five to twelve cents.)

Yet because that small amount of silver is all it takes to decimate so many different kinds of infections, the manufacturers mark it up about 16,000%, charging a whopping $20 or $30 per bottle.

What’s more, manufacturers promoting the latest faddish colloidal silver product often charge far more per bottle – sometimes $35 to $50 for a tiny four-ounce bottle.

And people are more than willing to pay through the nose for these commercial colloidal silver products at health food stores because colloidal silver does indeed heal infections and prevent the spread of germs and disease faster and better than any other natural supplement on the planet!

So, commercially speaking, the retail price of colloidal silver at health food stores reflects its value to the consumer far more so than its true cost to produce. But here’s the good news:

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Make Your Own High-Quality
Colloidal Silver for Pennies!

As I mentioned, typical health food store prices for colloidal silver can range from $20 to $30 for a tiny, four-ounce bottle.

But with a brand new Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from The Silver Edge, you can make your own safe, pure, high-quality micro-particle colloidal silver for about 36 cents a quart!  In other words, you can make it at actual cost, just like the big colloidal silver bottlers do.

Compared to typical health food store prices, your first two one-quart batches literally pay for the entire cost of your new generator!  Do you know of any other health product that literally pays for itself the very first few times you use it? The savings are absolutely astonishing!

In fact, by making your own high-quality colloidal silver with a brand new Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from The Silver Edge, you’ll be as close to having FREE colloidal silver as you can get, and for the rest of your life!

You’ll never have to pay those exorbitant health food store prices again!

The new Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator is now the world’s #1 best-selling colloidal silver generator. Here are just a few reasons why you should own one…

  • It pays for itself after your very first batch or two — your total cost to make your first one-quart batch is about 36 cents, compared to the $240 you’d pay at a health food store if you bought an equivalent amount (i.e., eight of those little 4-ounce bottles they normally sell for $30 apiece)!
  • Safe, simple to operate…No special skills needed…You just set the handy timer, plug it in, walk away, and three hours later you have a perfect batch of therapeutic quality micro-particle colloidal silver…every time!  Here’s a short pictorial demonstrating how astonishingly easy it is to use a new Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from The Silver Edge:

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  • Produces uncommonly small silver micro-particles as low as .8 nm. That’s a fraction of a single nanometer. Compare that to health food store colloidal silver which can contain silver particles as large as 200 nm to 1,000 nm (or even larger), and you’ll see why micro-particle colloidal silver is the very best there is!  Smaller particles mean your body can absorb and utilize up to 99% of the colloidal silver you take, compared to maybe 30% or 40% with many health food store brands!
  • Runs on standard household electricity, but uses less power than a tiny Christmas tree bulb – you won’t even see a blip on your electric bill!
  • Produces uniform, crystal clear batches every single time that store for months, or even years, without losing potency!
  • Cannot produce silver chloride or unsafe substances – you get pure, therapeutic-quality micro-particle colloidal silver every time!

Just read through some of the testimonials below to see for yourself how you’ll save literally thousands of dollars per year by making your own colloidal silver with your brand new Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from The Silver Edge!

Customer Testimonials

Here’s what one customer recently wrote to tell us:

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“Owning a Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from The Silver Edge has given us the luxury of being able to use high-quality colloidal silver any time we need it.  And we never have to worry about the costs because it only costs a few pennies per quart to make!  It is without a doubt the single-best money-saving appliance in my entire house!

Best of all, the machine is very easy to use, and easy to store. I was concerned about ease-of-use, but my fears were unfounded. After I got mine and used it, I immediately bought one and sent it to my 83 year old mom, and she uses it regularly as well.

Now that I have a Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator, I can use colloidal silver for everything — disinfecting the kitchen sinks, countertops, and the cutting board… spraying the toilet bowls, and the bathroom countertops and sinks… spraying it on my toothbrush to prevent bacterial growth…rinsing my mouth with it to prevent cavities and gum disease…you name it.

I even put it in the laundry rinse cycle when I do my linens, towels and kitchen rags, so I don’t have to wash them as frequently. It really keeps them fresh, and there’s never any mold or mildew anywhere in our house.

I also put some in the cat’s water bowl each day, and the dog’s too.  We use it in the bathtub for skin problems.  And of course we drink it when our tummies are queasy, or when we feel a cold or flu coming on.  We also gargle with it in order to get rid of sore throats, and sniff it up our noses to get rid of sinus problems.

My husband even sprays it on his hair in the mornings, and has completely eliminated his lifelong dandruff problem.  And he sprays a little bit in his eyes from time to time, and now has no more recurrent problems with sties.”

— K. Sullivan, NM

And here’s what another happy customer wrote to say about the tremendous savings she’s achieved by no longer having to purchase her colloidal silver through health food stores:

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“We make a quart of colloidal silver at least once a week with the Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from the Silver Edge. I finally sat down and figured out how much this machine has been saving us. By making our own colloidal silver we’ve saved $11,503.20 this year alone, compared to the cost of colloidal silver at our local health food store.

The cost for colloidal silver at our local health food store is $30 for a tiny four-ounce bottle. But with my Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator, I can make eight times that amount (i.e., a full quart) for about 35 cents total cost.

If I were to purchase a quart of colloidal silver at the health food store, which would be eight of those tiny, four-ounce bottles, the cost would be a whopping $240 (i.e., 8 x $30 = $240) compared to the 35 cents I now spend to make a full quart!

Here’s the breakdown of our costs to make a full quart of colloidal silver with our Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator: It costs us about a dollar for a gallon of steam-distilled water at Walmart. So a quart of the steam-distilled water costs about 25 cents. And I estimate we use maybe a nickel’s worth of electricity and maybe another nickel’s worth of silver from the silver rods for every one-quart batch of colloidal silver we make. So that’s 35 cents a quart, all told, for each quart of micro-particle colloidal silver we make!

And frankly, considering how long the .999 fine silver rods have lasted (over a year and a half, so far, for the most recent set), I think it’s probably even cheaper than that. But it’s the lifetime savings we’ve experienced that’s just mind-boggling to me.

For example, we’ve had our Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver unit for nearly five years now. And as I mentioned we make one quart per week, and we spend about 35 cents a week on making colloidal silver.

This means we save about $239.65 a week by not having to purchase a quart’s worth of colloidal silver at our local health food store.  So do the math: In just one month, the savings is $958.60…in one year, the savings is $11,503.20…and in five years we’ve saved approximately $57,516.00!

When you put pencil to paper and figure it out, it definitely takes you by surprise. You just think ‘No way. I must have multiplied that wrong.’

But it’s true. The savings is legitimately well over $11,000 a year over health food store prices for colloidal silver, if you make and use a quart of colloidal silver a week like we do!  And we reap that incredible savings from the very reasonable $250 investment we made in purchasing our Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator.

In their advertising literature, The Silver Edge says the unit completely pays for itself after your first couple of one-quart batches. But really, that’s quite an understatement when you realize the true extent of your savings!

Of course, once you start making your own colloidal silver with a Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from The Silver Edge, you don’t really think about how much you’re saving compared to health food store prices, because it just becomes a normal part of your everyday life. But the savings is nevertheless astonishing when you reflect on it.

What’s especially nice is being able to produce a significantly higher-quality colloidal silver than what’s generally available to the public through health food stores, especially at such a tiny, tiny fraction of the cost.”

— Marie Wilkey, SC

The Bottom Line…

With a high-quality Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator from The Silver Edge, you’ll never again have to pay exorbitant health food store or internet vendor prices for high-quality colloidal silver!

Indeed, your first batch or two will indeed completely pay for the entire cost of your generator, compared to health food store prices!

What’s more, you’ll be able to give colloidal silver away FREE to family members, friends and neighbors, because you’ll be making it — literally — for only a few pennies per batch!

Simply click on this link to learn more about this phenomenal new breakthrough in colloidal silver-making technology, including our current, time-limited, money-saving offers that can save you up to $100 if you act quickly and decisively!

Meanwhile, I’ll be back next week with another insightful article on colloidal silver….

Yours for the safe, sane and responsible use of colloidal silver,

SteveSig2010

Steve Barwick, author

The Ultimate Colloidal Silver Manual

Helpful Links:

FREE Colloidal Silver Safe Dosage Report

Colloidal Silver Secrets Group on Facebook

Make Your Own Colloidal Silver for Pennies

.999 Pure Silver Wire for Making Colloidal Silver

Subscribe to the Colloidal Silver Secrets Ezine

Videos on Making and Using Colloidal Silver

Real-Life Colloidal Silver Success Stories

Colloidal Silver Update (News & Views)

The Ultimate Colloidal Silver Manual

The Colloidal Silver Secrets Video

Colloidal Silver Cures MRSA

Colloidal Silver Kills Viruses

Colloidal Silver Secrets blog

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Colloidal Silver

Important Note and Disclaimer: The contents of this Ezine have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Information conveyed herein is from sources deemed to be accurate and reliable, but no guarantee can be made in regards to the accuracy and reliability thereof. The author, Steve Barwick, is a natural health journalist with over 30 years of experience writing professionally about natural health topics. He is not a doctor. Therefore, nothing stated in this Ezine should be construed as prescriptive in nature, nor is any part of this Ezine meant to be considered a substitute for professional medical advice. Nothing reported herein is intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. The author is simply reporting in journalistic fashion what he has learned during the past 17 years of journalistic research into colloidal silver and its usage. Therefore, the information and data presented should be considered for informational purposes only, and approached with caution. Readers should verify for themselves, and to their own satisfaction, from other knowledgeable sources such as their doctor, the accuracy and reliability of all reports, ideas, conclusions, comments and opinions stated herein. All important health care decisions should be made under the guidance and direction of a legitimate, knowledgeable and experienced health care professional. Readers are solely responsible for their choices. The author and publisher disclaim responsibility and/or liability for any loss or hardship that may be incurred as a result of the use or application of any information included in this Ezine.

Copyright 2019 | Life & Health Research Group, LLC | PO Box 1239 | Peoria AZ 85380-1239 | All rights reserved.

 

Click the image above to learn more about the Micro-Particle Colloidal Silver Generator that allows you to make high-quality colloidal silver for less than 36 cents a quart, and is so easy to use, even my 88 year old mom uses one!


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[IMPORTANT NOTE AND DISCLAIMER: We are not doctors. We are distributors of electronic appliances and nutritional supplements. Therefore we cannot and do not offer medical advice. Please do not call with medical questions. If you have a medical problem, please see your licensed physician. Self-treatment is not recommended. The FDA has not evaluated the information contained on this web site. Products distributed by The Silver Edge are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Testimonials are the subjective experiences of our customers and are not intended to be construed as being prescriptive in nature, nor a guarantee that the usage methods described are safe, effective or reliable, nor a guarantee that your results will be the same; individual results may vary. Additionally, the contents of this web site are strictly for information purposes only, and should not in any way be construed as providing or attempting to provide medical advice. Information on this web site is derived from sources deemed to be accurate and reliable, but no guarantee, express or implied, can be made regarding the accuracy or reliability of same. Therefore readers are encouraged to verify for themselves and to their own satisfaction the accuracy and reliability of all reports, recommendations, conclusions, comments, and opinions. The Silver Edge does not make any claims or promises as to health benefits accruing from the use of any product. There is plenty of publicly available independent documentation -- both pro and con -- regarding the uses and efficacy of colloidal silver and its long history in health and medicine. For a comprehensive overview, you may want to obtain a copy of The Ultimate Colloidal Silver Manual (547 pages, from Life & Health Research Group, LLC, 1-888-846-9029). Or see the link above to "Some Interesting Sources of Information on Colloidal Silver." Colloidal silver generators are electronic appliances designed to produce high-quality silver colloid. They are not medical devices. The Silver Edge specifically disclaims responsibility or liability for any loss or hardship that may be incurred by the reader as a result of the application of any information included on this web site, or as a result of the use or misuse of any electronic product or nutritional supplement. You are solely responsible for your health and nutrition choices. Anyone with additional information on colloidal silver is encouraged to write to The Silver Edge at the address directly below, so that it can be shared with others who may be interested.]